CloudLabs Volumetric Elements vs Kerotakis

In this laboratory it is possible to recognize the instruments and volumetric elements used in the chemistry laboratory. The objective of this practice is to select the instrument indicated to take samples of solutions with different volumes. The instruments available for the development of this practice are a volumetric pipette, a graduated pipette, cylinders of 100, 200 and 1000 ml, a volumetric balloon, a 250 ml flask and a 1000 ml beaker. It is necessary to recognize the type of instrument (graduated or graduated).

Kerotakis is a virtual chemistry laboratory that computes real chemistry. Drag reagents onto drawn glassware and a real aqueous-equilibrium solver answers. Nothing in it is a lookup table: every number comes out of a thermodynamic database at run time, which means the bench can do something a textbook cannot — show you a model working, and then show you the same model failing. WHAT IT COMPUTES • Dissolution and precipitation against actual solubility limits. Eight moles of salt in a litre of water leaves about 1.9 undissolved, because that is what the equilibrium says. • Acids and bases from charge balance — strong, weak, polyprotic through every pKa, and buffers that resist acid where plain water crashes. • Titration curves walked with a burette, to the equivalence point and past it. • Gas boundaries you choose: vent to the room, seal the vessel, regulate the pressure, or sweep with nitrogen. Pressure, volume, energy and the mass balance all answer to the constraint. • Heats of reaction that move the thermometer, so calcium chloride is a hot pack and potassium chloride a cold one. • The activity series decided by Nernst over computed potentials — including the refusals, like copper shrugging off acid. • Separations: filter a precipitate off, evaporate a brine to crystals, distil a mixture. THREE LEVELS, ONE SIMULATION A register dial re-tells any result at the depth you want. Level one is what you would see: it went cloudy, a white solid settled. Level two adds the measurements. Level three shows every species, activity and coefficient behind the answer — the same numbers, never a different simulation. Every result carries where it came from, and the app says "unassessed" rather than implying safe when nobody has checked. OFFLINE, ALWAYS The solver, the thermodynamic databases and the whole lesson library are inside the app. It makes no network requests, has no account, and collects nothing whatsoever. It works with the network switched off. Built on IPhreeqc from the U.S. Geological Survey. Kerotakis is free software; the source is at github.com/CrispStrobe/kerotakis.